Concrete forms



Jan. 8,1963 H. P.CERUTTI 3,07

' CONCRETE FORMS Filed Oct. 2. 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 H I? INVENTOR L HENRY PETE? CEPUr s3 4 I 4 M Jan. 8, 1963 H. P. CERUTT] 3,071,837

CONCRETE FORMS Filed Oct. 2, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR AKA/P) P572? CEPUI'H Jan. 8, 1963 H. P. CERUTTI 3,071,837

CONCRETE FORMS Filed 001'.- 2, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR HEM?! PETE? C'EQl/ff/ 4 1% W lmm fi H. P. CERUTTI Jan. 8, 1963 CONCRETE FORMS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 2, 1959 United States Patent 3,071,837 CONCRETE FORMS Henry Peter Cerutti, Mount Lebanon Township, Allegheny County, Pa., assignor to Blaw-Knox Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Filed Oct. 2, 1959, Ser. No. 844,101 8 Claims. (Cl. 25131) This invention relates to concrete forms of the kind used for massive construction such as dams and foundatious. More particularly, this invention relates to selfsupporting reusable forms of relatively great strength which are adjustable in character and relatively easily installed and removed.

In the construction of concrete dams, spillways and retaining walls, foundations and other massive structures made of concrete, the variety of finish face conditions, angles and slopes required to conform to design specifications, are legion. Heretofore, such variations in physical conformation often have required a great number of separate forms tailored to the particular surface condition to be satisfied. Moreover, many such prior forms were unduly cumbersome and diflicult to position in place and remove after the concrete molded by the form had set. In order to keep such forms capable of being readily handled, the height of the lift of concrete which could be poured with them was limited. In many cases, too, the placement of the forms subjected them to damage from operations in the vicinity by the charging bucket, crane equipment or other nearby work.

In the new form constructions of this invention, deficiencies of prior practices have been overcome. Thus, my concrete forms are relatively strong and utilize simple or compound trusses whereby the forms can be handled without difficulty and yet are so strong that high lifts of concrete may be poured safely against them. Further, the new forms are adjustable to the conformation of the face or surface to be poured. They are self-supporting and are readily anchored in place on overhung, vertical or sloping walls for the next increase in height of the concrete mass to be poured; with provision therein during such pouring for disconnection and higher relocation when the newly poured lift has set sufficiently. Pivotal portions of the new forms enable them to accommodate surface kinks and bends and changes in slope. In addition, such new forms facilitate pouring and in the case of close work, such as proximity to a concrete charging bucket, the form may be made to inhibit likelihood of being struck or damaged during the working of other nearby equipment. Means are also provided in this invention for ease of adjusting and locating my new forms for the varied conditions of use .to which they are respectively applicable.

Other objects, advantages and features of this invention will be. apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative only, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a view in side elevation of a simple truss form of this invention, in mounted working position;

FIGURE 2 is a rear view of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 1; 7

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged detail view of the pivot area adjacent the bottom of the panel face of the form shown in FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 4 is a rear view of the detail shown in FIG- URE 3;

FIGURE 5 is an enlarged detail view of a template keeper for the positioning of an anchor adjacent the top of the form shown in FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 6 is a view taken along line VI-VI of FIG- URE 5;

Patented Jan. 8, 1963 FIGURE 7 is a view in side elevation of a compound truss embodiment of this invention, in mounted working position;

FIGURE 8 is a detail view in side elevation of the panel face pivot in the embodiment shown in FIGURE 7;

FIGURE 9 is a rear view of the detail shown in FIG- URE 8;

FIGURE 10 is a detail view of a spinner jack truss member shown in the FIGURE 7 embodiment to operate the upper panel section;

FIGURE 11 is a view in side elevation of a compound truss embodiment for a flexible form face construction, in mounted working position;

FIGURE 12 is a detail view of a portion of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 11 adjacent the lower end of the panel face;

FIGURE 13 is a view in section taken along line XIX-XIX of FIGURE 12;

FIGURE 14 is a plan view of the upper platform with the scaffold boards removed taken along line XIV-XIV of FIGURE 11;

FIGURE 15 is a view in side elevation of a beam form embodiment of this invention in mounted working position to mold a bulkhead wall surface;

FIGURE 16 is a rear view of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 15;

FIGURE 17 is a detail view of the upper end of the pivoted tail of the embodiment shown in FIGURElS taken along line XVII-XVII of FIGURE 18;

FIGURE 18 is a detail view of the rear of the detail shown in FIGURE 17;

FIGURE 19 is a view taken along line XIX-XIX of FIGURE 17;

FIGURE 20 is a view taken along line XX-XX of FIGURE 17; and

FIGURES 21 and 22 are two views in plan of a special chamfered end section to enable two adjoining panels to be connected optionally in alignment or at right angles.

Referring to FIGURES 1 to 6 of the drawings, a triangular truss form 10 of this invention is shown in mounted self-supporting position on a previously cast block 11 of a concrete dam or other cast mass, ready for the pouring of a next higher lift the top of which will reach to the dot-and-dash line marked with the numeral 12. Form 10 is self-supported on a surface which may be the upstream surface, for example, of a dam and comprises a strongback member having a panel backing beam 13 and a tail beam 14 pivotally joined by a pivot pin 15. The beams 13 and14 are generally vertical and in vertical alignment with one another. Beam 13 is rigidly connected to a panel comprising vertically spaced horizontally extended channels 16 to which a panel face 17 is secured. Panel face 17 is usually either in the form of sheet metal or Wood. Horizontal bevel angles 18 may be secured at the top and bottom of face 17 to assist in sealing the lower edge of the lift 12 to be cast and to provide rustication of the block joints. End strips 19 may cover the ends of channel 16 at each end of the channel and are provided with bolt holes'20 therethrough for rigid connection to any adjoining form 10a by bolts 21 when more than one such form is to vbe used end-toend as shown in FIGURE 2, thereby making up a composite form of any length desired. Lifting lugs 22 are fastened to the top of the strongback members and provided with holes 23 to enable the forms to be lifted by cranes or otherwise for installation, relocation, or removal as the case may be.

Each of the beams comprises a pair of horizontally spaced back-to-back channels respectively denominated 13a and 14a. An upper platform 24 may be provided and comprises scaffold boards resting on channel joists fixed to the channels 13a. Angle posts 26 fastened to channels 25 and rails 27 fastened to posts 26 complete the upper platform and enable a workman to take care of the placement of an upper anchor 28. A template keeper 29 is fastened to the rear of each of the beams 13 adjacent platform 24 and has a pivotal latch 36' with a notch 31 therein above a bolt notch 32 in the stationary portion of keeper 29. A template bolt 33 is provided with peripheral recesses 34 and a squared end 35. The inner end of bolt 33 is provided with a female screw for a male screw at the outer end of anchor 28. The location of anchor 28 inwardly of face 17 can be preselected by the engagement of notch 31 and the selected one of the grooves 34, as shown by the full line and chain line positions of bolt 33 in FIGURE 6, a hole being provided in face 17 for the passage thereof therethrough. Guide angle 36 is also mounted on the adjoining channel 16 and provided with a supporting guide opening therethrough as shown. After the block 12 has set, latch is lifted and a wrench applied to end to unscrew bolt 33 from the now fixed anchor 28 so that the template bolt 33 can be removed, leaving the threaded end of anchor 28 available for engagement by a she-bolt 37 in the manner shown in FIGURES l and 3, or by other means.

Each of the channels 14a has a standard channel 38a welded thereto in back-to-back relation adjacent pivot 15, the channels 38a together forming a truss standard 38. A lower compression member 39 of fixed length is fastened between the outer end of standard 38 and the lower end of beam 14. Such lower compression member 39 may be a box in cross section extending into the space between the respective standard channels 38a at one end and the tail beam channels 1411 at the other end. A bearing block 40 is fastened to the front of the lower end of beam 14. An upper compression member 41 is pivotally connected between a trunnion bearing 42 fixed to the back of beam 13 and a second trunnion bearing 43 fixed to the outer end of standard 38, respectively. Compression member 41 may be in the form of a steamboat ratchet or turnbuckle so that rotation of sleeve 44 in one direction or the other will correspondingly shorten or lengthen member 41 between its pivotally connected ends and correspondingly affect the position in space of panel face 17 about pivot pin 15 relative to the position of tail beam 14 for ready adjustment of face 17 to its reselected position for the desired angle of the finish surface on block 12, or other block which is to be cast against face 17.

As shown in FIGURES 3 and 4, the pivotal connection between beams 13 and 14 forming the strongback may be provided with the assistance of plates 45 respectively welded to the inside of the channels 14a and extending upwardly into the space between the channels 13a to which last-named channels they are not affixed. Plates 45 are provided with vertically spaced horizontally registering pairs of holes 46, one pair of which is to be brought into alignment with a pair of holes 47 in reenforcement plates 48 fastened to the web of channels 13a, the holes 47 extending through such webs so that pivot pin 15 may be inserted across the space between the channels 13a and through the selected pairs of holes 46 and 47 to pivotally connect the beams 13 and 14. Cotter pins at the ends of the pin 15 or other means may be used to insure against accidental dislodgement of the pivot pin 15.

An angle 49 is fixed in the joint between standard 38 and tail beam 14 and spans the respective channels thereof. Each angle 49 is provided with an upper elongated hole 50 and a lower hole 51 in registry with the space between such channels respectively. As a consequence, while form 10 is suspended by a crane or from another support before it is relocated, the respective anchor bolts 37 may be carried safely by having them hang down through the holes 51 as shown in chain line in FIGURE 3.

On the other hand, when form 10 is in position to be connected to block 11, for example, those anchor bolts 37 have the inner end thereof pushed through the holes 50, which accommodate some vertical movement, until the female screw at the inner end of the bolt 37 engages the male screw at the outer end and of anchor 28a in block 11, respectively. Then when each bolt 37 is turned, form It) will be secured to the block 11 until the casting of block 12 is complete. Subsequently, the bolts 37 are loosened and removed after form 10 has been reconnected for lifting to a crane by the lugs 22. Angles 52 may be bolted to the lowermost channel 16 above each anchor bolt 37 and notched along the lower edge in registry with the respective bolts 37 to rest thereon as close to the concrete surface as possible. The angles 52 thereby assist in helping to support the form 10 with minimal deflection of the bolts.

The channels of standard 38 may be utilized as the joists of a lower platform 53 for scaffold flooring. Posts 54 are fixed to standards 38 to support crossrails 55 and end chains 56 to safeguard a workman or workmen thereon. The perpendicularity of the respective trusses relative to the panel 17 may be assisted, if desired, by the use of a longitudinally extending bracing angle 57 rigidly fixed to the respective standards 38 and by a diagonal bracing angle 58 connected at one end to the outer portion of one standard 38 and at the other end of the inner portion of the other standard 38.

The embodiment 10' illustrated in FIGURES 7 to 10, inclusive, is of particular reliability and adaptability when used on sloping surfaces such as that which may occur on the downstream side of a dam having monolithic cast blocks 59 and 60 supporting form 10' for the casting of a next higher block 61. Parts corresponding generally in construction and functioning to parts disclosed in FIGURES 1 to 6, inclusive, are provided with the same reference numerals with the addition of a prime accent thereto, respectively. In the modified embodiment, the greater length of face due to the greater slope has been provided for by the use of a compound truss, by the afiixation of the form 10 by two anchors 28a one above pivot pin 15 and the other adjacent the lower end of tail beam 14 and by the provision of an articulated panel therein. The compound truss employs additional truss members 62, 63 and 64. Member 62 may be generally parallel to the lower portion of panel beam 13, is in registry therewith and is rigidly connected between standard 38 and a joist beam 63. Ioist 63 is rigidly secured between beam 13 and member 62 and also serves to support scaffold boards 63c and railing members 63a and 63b for an upper platform adjacent the upper anchor 28a and anchor bolt 37' Member 64 is pivotally connected at 65 between the channels 14a and pivotally connected at 66 by a pin passing through registering "holes at the lower end of spaced channel member 62 and a hole 67 in member 64.

A series of adjustment holes 67 through member 64 enable tail beam 14' to be swung about pivot 15 to the desired extent. Thus, when form 10' is utilized in an area such as the bucket of a dam or when tail beam 14' has to bridge akink, it may be bent out to an intermediate extent as indicated by the chain lines 14'A. On the other hand, when form 10' is to be used for surfaces not requiring deflection of the tail beam, pivot 15 may be omitted and the lower portion of the strongback beams 13 and 14 made one straight rigid beam construction. As shown, the hinge connection for pivoting about pin 15 is constructed substantially in the manner shown in FIGURES 3 and 4. When tail beam 14 is bent at an angle to the lower portion of beam 13, another opening 67 on member 64 is utilized to preserve the rigid connection between the members of the compound truss.

The bearing pad 40 in the form 10' is rotatably fixed to a bolt 68 which threada'oly engages a nut held between the channels 14a so that 40' may be brought into firm bearing engagement with the surface already cast and provide self-support in conjunction with the two tightened bolts 37'. Joists 69 of a lower platform 53 extend rearwardly from between the respective channels 14a of beams 14 and are pivotally connected at 70 to plates 71 at the lower ends of those beams. The plates 71 are provided with longitudinally spaced openings 72 for control of the angle of scaffold 53 relative to the beam 14 since the connecting bolt through the selected hole 72 on each side will be applied in whatever position maintains platform 51' most comfortable for a workman under the prevailing conditions of operation.

The beams 13 and the panel 17' are each divided horizontally into an upper portion and a lower portion, which are hinged together by pivot pins 73. The lower end of the upper panel 16117' is fixed to horizontally spaced downwardly extending ears 75 which fit to each side of an upwardly extending ear 76 rigidly connected to the upper end of the lower panel 16'-17'. All of the ears are provided with laterally registering holes for the passage therethrough of the connecting hinge pins 73. The upper and lower portions of beams 13' are discontinuous at the hinge point to provide clearance for the folding back of the upper panel section. When the two panel face portions are in registry, the edges of those face portions meet tightly along a horizontal line 77. On the other hand, when member '41 is shortened, the upper panel portion may be moved to form a bend with the lower panel section 17 to mold' a kink or correspond ing bend in the finished surface of the block being cast. Further, if the upper panel section is moved to a position X indicated in chain line, the pouring of monolith 61 is greatly facilitated since the charging bucket can come down and readily discharge its contents so as to fill the acute angle corner between the block 60 and face 17' of the lower panel portion. As the level of the block being cast mounts, and before it reaches division line 77, member 41' is quickly lengthened returning the upper panel portion face 17 to its molding position as shown in full line in FIGURES 7 and 8.

Member 41' as shown in detail in 'FIGURE is a spinner-type jack screw construction having a collared wrench head 78a which cooperates with an open-ended hood 81 to stop movement of head 78a in an inward direction. The head of screw member 41' is relatively freely movable in and through hood 81 away from panel 17 when a wedge 79 is not inserted through a slot 80 to bear against the top 41a of the outer telescoping sleeve of the screw. With the wedge disengaged, the upper panel section 17 can be rapidly pushed into its closed fullline position shown in FIGURE 7 as the concrete rises in block 61, close to the division line 77, following which the wedge is inserted and any final adjustment of the length made by turning head 78a with an impact or other wrench. As the concrete presses against the upper section of panel 17, it cannot swing that section open be cause of the wedge in the slot 80 holding member 41 in place. In the lifting of form 10 for the next pour, one sling is used to engage lug 22' and another sling is used to engage a hole 82 in a plate adjacent the inner end of member 41 to provide a relatively balanced position lifting during the relocation thereof.

A further modification illustrated in FIGURES 11 to 14, inclusive, provides a flexible panel face which may be adjusted to a selected curvature, in conformity with a template, for correspondingly shaped 'portions of a dam or other monolith construction with which the fort 10" is to be used. In such further modification, the compound truss, platforms, beams and securing arrangements aresubstantially the same as those shown in the modified embodiment and the description thereof therefore will notbe repeated. Reference will be made to such corresponding portions indicated by the use of the same reference numerals but with a double prime accent for convenience in describing further novel features in the further modification. Thus, the upper portion of the beams 13 are provided with a flexible sheet metal panel face 83, while the lower portion of the beams 13" are adjustably connected to a flexible lower panel face portion 84 which tightly meet when closed at horizontal line 77". As shown in detail in FIGURES 12 and 13, a nut 85 is connected by trunnion pins to each of the beam channels so as to span the space between such channels and engage adjusting screws 86 the upper ends of which are provided with wrench heads 87, the screws 86 at the upper end of panel section 83 and at the lower end of panel section 84 being longer because of the greater length of adjustment required at such respective ends for certain selected curvatures. The lower thread on each adjusting screw 86 engages a trunnion nut 88 held by a bracket 89 fastened to the respective parallel lengthwise stiffeners 91 which are of T-shaped cross section except that they are angles at the very top and bottom of the panel where the adjusting screws 86- are longer. The stifieners are welded respectively to the inside of the respective panel face or skin. Diaphragm plates 90 are secured between the flange of the angle stiffeners 91 and the inside of the panels 83 and 84 as shown in detail in FIGURES 12 and 13. Consequently, whatever the setting of the spinner jack member 41", the curvature of the panel face portions 83 and 84 may be selected by the individual adjustment of the adjusting screws 86 operatively connected to each thereof. Normally such adjustment of the curvature of 83 and 84, which may be of thin sheet steel, is made to conform to a template before the form 10" is lifted into place for attachment prior to the pouring operation which it is to control. The plan view of scaffold 630 which is shown-in FIGURE 14 illustrates cross bracing between the joists 63" in the form of members 92 and 93, like the bracing provided by members 57 and 58 in the embodiment of FIGURES 1 and 2.

A connector plate 94 is welded to each end of each of the stiffeners 91 in alignment with the end of the form 10", the plates 94 being provided with holes 95 extending therethrough for bolt connection to registering holes in the adjoining end connector members of an adjoining form. The inner edges of the respective plates 94 parallel to the inside of the panel faces 83 and 84 are spaced therefrom so that such faces may be curved by the adjustment of the respective screws 86 without binding against such plates 94.

A beam girder embodiment 100 is illustrated in FIG- 4 URES 15 to 20, inclusive, and is particularly suitable for use in molding or finishing bulkheads, training walls and other vertical reaches. Therein a strongback beam 101 of built-up box-type construction is provided having a pivoted lower end 102 in the form of a rocker beam. The upper back side 103 and the lower back side 104 of the strongback are tapered so that if hit by a charging bucket or other moving equipment, such equipment will be deflected or glance off to a greater extent than would otherwise be the case. Each of the two strongbacks is secured to cross channels 105, like the channels 16, to which a panel face 106 is secured.

The lower end 102 is pivotally connected on each side by pivot pins 108 to the sides of the lower open end of the remaining portion of the strongback. The upper portion of part 102 is tapered at 109 as shown in FIGURE 17. A nut 110 is welded to the upper end of part 102 to engage a screw 111 held by a bracket 112 so that it can rotate but not move axially. Hence, as screw 111 is rotated by turning its wrench head 113, the angle which the lower end 102 makes with the balance of strongback 101, varies to press a bearing pad 114 fixed to end 102 against an already cast monolith 115 after form 110 has been fastened thereto by engagement of anchor bolt 116 and a threaded anchor 1-17 in the monolith. A support angle 1-18, or a wood block, if desired, extends between the lowermost channel 105 in the panel and the outside of bolt 116 for additional stability and support.

As shown, bolt 116 extends through an opening in bracket 112 through which it cannot pass because of a collar 119. A peripheral groove 120 is provided on the exterior of bolt 116 for engagement by a recess at the lower end of a slide 121 when form 100 is being moved to a new location. A bayonet slot 139 engages a knob 140 on slide 121 to enable it to be held up or to slide down so that the notch at the bottom of slide 121 will engage the groove 120 as and when desired. A retainer pin 122 inwardly of groove 120 prevents bolt 116 from falling or coming wholly out of bracket 112. Access to the outer ends of bolt 116 and screw 111 are provided by an opening 123 in the back side of the strongback.

The back side of strongback 101 is provided also with an opening 124 in which there is a latch-type template bolt keeper 125 similar in construction and functioning to that shown in FIGURE to enable a template bolt 126 and anchor 127 to be properly positioned in the monolith to be cast. Lifting lugs 128 with holes therein are provided at the upper ends of the respective beams 101 and are secured thereto. In addition, the top of the panel is provided with retainer lugs 129 with holes 130 therein to retain platforms 131 and 132 when they are in folded-up position. The platforms are supported by rearwardly extending joists 133 pivotally connected at their forward ends to the sides of the respective girders 101 and at their rearward ends to posts 134 which rise far enough to comprise railings having cross rails 135 and end chains 136. Stops 137 and 138 act to hold the joists 133 horizontal when the platforms are down, but when the platforms are up, they rise together because of the parallelogram linkage described. Bolts 107 are used with lugs 129 to hold them in up position and out of the way of any nearby work. The boards used on the platforms are discontinuous across the space occupied by the respective beams 101.

In the construction of bulkheads, training walls and piers, it often happens that an inside corner has to be poured, preferably with a fillet or flat chamfer. A fix ture 150 illustrated in FIGURES 21 and 22 provides for the formation of such chamfered inside corners without having to make up or bring in a special concrete form. The fixture 150 comprises a base portion 151 welded along its underside to the end 152 of a panel form 153, preferably foreshortened to the extent of the thickness of fixture 150. A nut 154 is welded to the underside of base 151 in alignment with a hole 155 therethrough and through a rotatable top 156 in the fixture. Bolts 157 tightly connect the two parts of the fixture together and to form 153 in either position of use, both of which are shown respectively in FIGURES 21 and 22. When bolts 157 are removed the top part 156 can be rotated to the other selected position of use before the bolts 157 are retightened. The two parts of fixture .150 extend for the full height of the end or ends of the panel with which they are used.

The base part 151 is provided with a square edge 158 and a chamfered edge '159, the inner portion of which chamfered edge is flush with the face of the form to which it is connected. The top 156 is provided with a charnfered portion 160 flush with portion 159 when top 156 is in the position shown in FIGURE 22. The other end of top 160 is square and in alignment with the rear of panel 153 in the position of FIGURE 22. The underside of the square portion of the top 156 carries a toe 161 which when swung over to a straight line pouring position illustrated in FIGURE 21 squares off the chamfered portion 159 of base 151. The consequence is that by means of fixture 150 a regular form 162 may be bolted in end-to-end straight-line arrangement to panel 153 without any gap therebetween, the fixture being in the position shown in FIGURE 21. Bolts 163 secure the panels together, holes for the passage thereof existing through both parts of the fixture 150. Conversely, when a right angle is to be made for the pouring of an inside 8 corner, the fixture is positioned as shown in FIGURE 22 and bolts 164 are used to pass through appropriate registering holes in the panels to connect them together at right angles.

The construction forms of my invention are versatile and materially enlarge the field of use thereof. Further, they are strong and are exceptionally rigid and resistant to deflection under load. At the same time, they are maneuverable and relatively light, being transportable, connectible and disconnectible with comparative ease and safety. Various changes may be made in features of the illustrated embodiments and other embodiments provided without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A concrete form comprising, in combination, a panel having a panel face, a plurality of parallel strongbacks connected to the back of said panel, said strongbacks having pivotally connected tail portions depending below said panel, a triangular section truss connected to each strongback in perpendicular relation to said panel, each truss having a diagonal member adjustable in operative length to a substantial extent to selectively adjust the angle of said tail portions to the remainder of said strongbacks respectively, said member being pivotally connected at one end portion to said tail portion outwardly spaced therefrom and the other end portion to said panel, means for positioning prospective anchoring means in projecting position extending through the upper portion of said panel, and means below said panel for anchoring said form in position.

2. A concrete form as set forth in claim 1, in which said tail portions of said strongbacks are hinged adjacent the lower end of said panel, said last-named means include anchor bolts projecting forwardly of the face of said panel adjacent the bottom of said panel, and there is a support positioned for engagement with the bottom of said panel and said anchor bolts in vertical alignment with said panel to inhibit deflection of said bolts.

3. A concrete form as set forth in claim 1, in which each said truss comprises a standard fixed to said tail portion and extending rearwardly therefrom, a strut member extending from the outer end of said standard to the lower end of said tail portion, an adjustable member extending from the outer end of said standard to said strongback above said tail portion, said adjustable member being pivotally connected at its respective ends to said standard spaced from said strongback and to said panel, and cross bracing means extending between each of said trusses.

4. A concrete form as set forth in claim 1, having a template bolt keeper comprising a notch to support a template bolt having a plurality of longitudinally spaced positioning grooves, 21. swingable latch having a notch therein adapted to engage a selected groove in said template bolt, the centers of said notches being substantially coincident, and said panel having an opening therethrough in longitudinal registry with said notches.

5. A concrete form as set forth in claim 1, in which said strongback and tail portions extend in spaced alignment, connector means are fixed to one of said portions and extend alongside the other of said portions, said connector means have a plurality of openings therethrough spaced in the direction said portions extend and horizontal axis hinge means to engage a selected one of said openings and said other of said portions to hinge said portions together in a selected spacing.

6. A concrete form comprising, in combination, a panel having an upper section and a lower section hinged together about a horizontal axis, a truss having members fixed to the lower section in perpendicular relation thereto, said truss having a further diagonal adjustable length member extending to said upper section from the nearer of said first-named members to regulate the angle between said sections in correspondence with the length of said adjustable length member, a strongback secured to the back of at least said lower section in the plane of said truss, said strongback having a lower tail portion pivotally connected thereto, and anchor means below and closely adjacent said lower section for anchoring said strongback and form.

7. A concrete form as set forth in claim 6, in which said adjustable length member of said truss is a fastacting spinner-type screw jack, said truss further having a hood through which the outer end of said screw jack passes in relatively loose axial and angular relation, and means to hold said spinner-type screw jack immovable relative to said hood.

8. A concrete form comprising, in combination, a panel having a face, a fixture adjustably secured to an end of said panel, said fixture having a pair of relatively rotatable parts, each of said parts having a chamfered face and a square end, one of said parts having a toe extending alongside the other of said parts, said parts forming a right angle chamfer when said chamfered faces are flush 10 for a right angle connection to a second panel, said part with said toe further forming a straight face with the face of said first-named panel when said toe is positioned in juxtaposition to the chamfered face of said other of said parts.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,562,403 Ahart July 31, 1951 2,574,274 McMullan Nov. 6, 1951 2,649,643 Schutte Aug. 25, 1953 2,669,000 Seemann Feb. 16, 1954 2,725,210 Swartz Nov. 29, 1955 2,825,956 Shoemaker Mar. 11, 1958 2,857,647 Williams Oct. 28, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,164,919 France May 19, 1958 

1. A CONCRETE FORM COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, A PANEL HAVING A PANEL FACE, A PLURALITY OF PARALLEL STRONGBACKS CONNECTED TO THE BACK OF SAID PANEL, SAID STRONGBACKS HAVING PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TAIL PORTIONS DEPENDING BELOW SAID PANEL, A TRIANGULAR SECTION TRUSS CONNECTED TO EACH STRONGBACK IN PERPENDICULAR RELATION TO SAID PANEL, EACH TRUSS HAVING A DIAGONAL MEMBER ADJUSTABLE IN OPERATIVE LENGTH TO A SUBSTANTIAL EXTENT TO SELECTIVELY ADJUST THE ANGLE OF SAID TAIL PORTIONS TO THE REMAINDER OF SAID STRONGBACKS RESPECTIVELY, SAID MEMBER BEING PIVOTALLY CONNECTED AT ONE END PORTION TO SAID TAIL PORTION OUTWARDLY SPACED THEREFROM AND THE OTHER END PORTION TO SAID PANEL, MEANS FOR POSITIONING PROSPECTIVE ANCHORING MEANS IN PROJECTING POSITION EXTENDING THROUGH THE UPPER PORTION OF SAID PANEL, AND MEANS BELOW SAID PANEL FOR ANCHORING SAID FORM IN POSITION. 